withallyourmind.net

This NY Times article discusses a controversial ancient tablet that was found approximately 10 years ago, but is now attracting lots of attention. This stone, which some call Gabriel’s Revelation (Since it contains an apocalypse given by the Angel Gabriel), was found in the Dead Sea area and is possible a Dead Sea Scroll on a 3 foot high piece of Stone. It is felt to date from the first century B.C.

The controversy arises from a small section of the text in which many words are missing and is very hard to make out what the text is saying. Some believe that the tablet contains a reference to a Jewish messiah figure who dies and is then resurrected three days later. The significance of this, according to one scholar, Israel Knohl:

“This should shake our basic view of Christianity,” he said as he sat in his office of the Shalom Hartman Institute in Jerusalem where he is a senior fellow in addition to being the Yehezkel Kaufman Professor of Biblical Studies at Hebrew University. “Resurrection after three days becomes a motif developed before Jesus, which runs contrary to nearly all scholarship. What happens in the New Testament was adopted by Jesus and his followers based on an earlier messiah story.”

New Testament scholar Ben Witherington has a brief commentary on the significance of this tablet at his website and Amy Hall, of Stand to Reason, comments on the finding here.

The bottom line is this:

1. Ben thinks the tablet is probably authentic given the guys who have examined it and have weighed in on its authenticity and dating.

2. The section which is said to contain the reference to the death and resurrection of a messiah figure three days later is not at all clear and there may be some reading into the text what one wishes the text to say.

3. Let’s assume the tablet is authentic and the text does contain the reference which some claim that it does. What follows? Nothing which “shakes our basic view of Christianity. As Amy points out, it seems that the outcome is rigged against the basic truth of the Christian message. For a long time, critics have claimed that the resurrection story cannot be true because the Jews of that time had no concept of such a messiah. This story, therefore, must have been subsequently added back in to the Gospels to make them support later Christian teaching. Now that we have possible found a 1st century B.C. Jewish source which does contain the concept of a resurrected messiah, the Gospel message is obviously not true since it just copied from an earlier Jewish source.

4. It is not surprising that there might be 1st century B.C. references to such a messiah given certain O.T. texts, such as Isaiah 53.

5. The resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth should be evaluated on its own evidence (which is substantial), whether or not there was such a concept in the Jewish thought of that time.

Ben Witherington concludes:

This stone certainly does not demonstrate that the Gospel passion stories are created on the basis of this stone text, which appears to be a Dead Sea text. For one thing the text is hard to read at crucial junctures, and it is not absolutely clear it is talking about a risen messiah. BUT what it does do is make plausible that Jesus could have said some of the things credited to him in Mk. 8.31, 9,31, and 10.33-34.

Addendum: (Al Mohler also addresses the topic here.)